Asian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics

In recent years, monkeypox has emerged as a significant global public health threat, with rising morbidity and mortality rates due to the disease's spread and synergistic effects. Despite recognizing this threat, there has been limited mathematical modelling to understand its progression. To address this, eight new compartmental models were developed, considering factors like quarantine, congenital infection, and various epidemiological aspects. These models were used to analyze disease-free and endemic equilibrium points for stability. The basic reproduction number ( R₀ ), was computed, and sensitivity analyses indicated that parameters like effective contact, infection at birth, and recruitment influx are critical. Numerical simulations using MAPLE 18 demonstrated the importance of quarantine in reducing monkeypox transmission. The study concludes that the model with quarantine measures is more effective in controlling disease spread than one without ( R_0q < R₀ ).